Biomedical Research and Research Training (ALN 93.859): Nonprofit Single Audit Statistics
199 nonprofits reported spending Biomedical Research and Research Training (ALN 93.859) funds in single audits for audit year 2025, $586,935,673 in total. 19 of 199 of those audits (9.5%) reported at least one finding on the program. Data as of 2026-11-06.
Data as of Nov 6, 2026 · Source: Federal Audit Clearinghouse (public data)
How many nonprofits report spending Biomedical Research and Research Training funds?
199 nonprofits reported Biomedical Research and Research Training (ALN 93.859) in single audits for audit year 2025, $586,935,673 in federal awards expended in total. A nonprofit is counted once per audit year.
| Audit year | Nonprofits | Amount expended |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 196 | $610,126,356 |
| 2022 | 198 | $551,964,198 |
| 2023 | 200 | $466,444,161 |
| 2024 | 204 | $571,797,818 |
| 2025 | 199 | $586,935,673 |
How often is Biomedical Research and Research Training audited as a major program?
143 of 199 (71.9%) of these audits for audit year 2025 audited the program as a major program, one the auditor tests in depth under 2 CFR 200.518. The table gives the auditor’s opinion on the program in those audits.
| Opinion on the program | Audits |
|---|---|
| Unmodified | 141 of 143 (98.6%) |
| Qualified | 2 of 143 (1.4%) |
| Adverse | 0 of 143 (0.0%) |
| Disclaimer | 0 of 143 (0.0%) |
How often do audits report findings on Biomedical Research and Research Training?
19 of 199 (9.5%) of these audits for audit year 2025 reported at least one finding on the program. A finding counts for the program when the filing links it to an award under this Assistance Listing.
| Audit year | Audits with a finding on the program |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 14 of 196 (7.1%) |
| 2022 | 14 of 198 (7.1%) |
| 2023 | 18 of 200 (9.0%) |
| 2024 | 17 of 204 (8.3%) |
| 2025 | 19 of 199 (9.5%) |
Which compliance requirements do those findings cite?
A finding can cite more than one requirement. The counts can add to more than the number of findings.
| Requirement | Findings |
|---|---|
| Procurement and suspension and debarment (I) | 7 |
| Allowable costs / cost principles (B) | 6 |
| Activities allowed or unallowed (A) | 4 |
| Cash management (C) | 4 |
| Equipment and real property management (F) | 3 |
| Reporting (L) | 2 |
| Subrecipient monitoring (M) | 2 |
| Other / not classified (P) | 1 |
Is the money received directly or through a pass-through entity?
142 of 199 (71.4%) of these audits reported at least one award received directly from the federal agency; the others report the program through a pass-through entity.
| How the award was received | Audits |
|---|---|
| At least one award directly from the federal agency | 142 of 199 (71.4%) |
| Only through a pass-through entity | 57 of 199 (28.6%) |
Which states report the most Biomedical Research and Research Training spending by nonprofits?
The ten states with the most nonprofits reporting the program for audit year 2025, with the federal awards those nonprofits expended.
| State | Nonprofits | Amount expended |
|---|---|---|
| California | 31 | $42,836,131 |
| New York | 20 | $174,841,699 |
| Massachusetts | 13 | $45,935,611 |
| District of Columbia | 7 | $5,872,689 |
| Illinois | 7 | $905,325 |
| Pennsylvania | 7 | $20,415,225 |
| Hawaii | 6 | $2,820,304 |
| Maine | 6 | $18,476,971 |
| Virginia | 6 | $4,813,742 |
| West Virginia | 6 | $24,747,345 |
Which audit firms were observed on the most filings that report Biomedical Research and Research Training?
The auditor is the firm observed on each filing; this is not a client list. A firm is shown once under the name it files with, ranked by the nonprofits whose filing reports the program.
| Audit firm observed | Nonprofits |
|---|---|
| KPMG LLP | 31 |
| Ernst & Young LLP | 20 |
| Grant Thornton LLP | 13 |
| PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP | 11 |
| CliftonLarsonAllen LLP | 10 |
| Deloitte & Touche LLP | 9 |
| Baker Tilly US, LLP | 8 |
| Forvis Mazars, LLP | 8 |
| Plante & Moran, PLLC | 5 |
| Windes, Inc. | 5 |
Read next
- All federal programs nonprofits report
- Single audit findings by compliance requirement
- All AuditRadar statistics
How we computed this
Counts cover single audit filings by non-profit organizations for audit year 2025 in the Federal Audit Clearinghouse. A nonprofit is counted once per program. Amounts are federal awards expended as reported on the schedule of expenditures of federal awards. A finding is counted for a program when the filing links it to an award under this Assistance Listing. Listings reported by fewer than 100 nonprofits have no page.
Cite this page
AuditRadar. “Biomedical Research and Research… (93.859): Single Audit Data.” https://getauditradar.com/statistics/federal-programs/93-859/. Data as of 2026-11-06.